Title

Microfluidic Deans Switch for Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-24-2007

Publication Title

Analytical Chemistry

Abstract

A microfluidic Deans switch was used as a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GCxGC) modulator. The simplicity and wide temperature range of the Deans switch make it a promising alternative to existing modulation techniques. However, the Deans switch is a low duty cycle modulator; that is, it samples only a small portion of the primary column effluent. Like all low duty cycle modulators, the Deans switch produces inconsistent transfer of components from the primary to the secondary column if the primary peaks are undersampled. Theoretical simulations and experimental studies show that the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the fraction of material transferred from the primary column to the secondary column is less than 1% if the modulation ratio is greater than 2.5. But the RSDs increase rapidly as the modulation ratio is decreased below 2.5. Deans switch GCxGC was validated by analyzing the aromatic content of gasoline. A fast analysis (<10 min) produced narrow primary peaks and a modulation ratio of 1.7. The quantitative results were in good agreement with results obtained with differential flow modulation GCxGC and GC/MS, but the RSDs of single-component levels were approximately three times greater. The Deans switch modulator was also used for a slower gasoline analysis (33 min run time) that produced modulation ratios near 5. In this case, the quantitative results and RSDs were in excellent agreement with the differential flow GCxGC and GC/MS results. These studies demonstrate that a Deans switch can be an effective modulator provided that modulation ratios greater than approximately 2.5 are employed.

Volume

79

Issue

5

First Page

1840

Last Page

1847

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1021/ac061881g

ISSN

0003-2700

Comments

ESSN: 1520-6882

Rights

© 2007 American Chemical Society

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